California Penal Code 422 - Criminal Threats - Elements and Defenses

California Penal Code 422 makes threats of aNot Imminent
criminal nature against the law in California. TheIf a threat is not backed by evidence that the
law states as follows: Any person who willfullyaccused would actually have hurt the individual or
threatens to commit a crime which will result inthat a confrontation was imminent, it may not be
death or great bodily injury to another person,considered criminal. For instance, in the case of
shall be punished by imprisonment in the countythe above example, the statement was not only
jail not to exceed one year, or by imprisonmentvague, but lacked imminence to truly make the
in the state prison.alleged victim fear for his or her safety. An
So, criminal threats are really basically defined as aimminent and serious threat would be more along
threat to seriously injure or kill an individual,the lines of, "When I see you in the parking lot
causing that individual to fear for his or herafter work, I'm going to get the gun I keep in my
well-being or life, even if the threat is nevercar, give you one minute to say your final words,
intended to be actually carried out. This mightand then I'm going to kill you."
include a threat that was spoken or verbal, inNo Requisite Fear or Fear Unreasonable
writing, or via an electronic device such as on aIn another common defense, if the alleged victim
computer, via a cell phone, etc. Being accused ofnever truly feared for his or her own safety, the
criminal threats is a serious situation and individualsthreat was not criminal. If they were
who have been accused could face jail time andunreasonably afraid, this may also be used as a
or fines.defense for penal code 422. An example of no
Defending a California Penal Code 422 Accusation:requisite fear would be if the individual plainly knew
Attorneys will use a number of defenses for athat the accused was speaking in the moment
criminal threats case, depending upon the uniqueand without serious intent to follow through on
situation of the case and the circumstancesthe threat. It must also be determined that any
surrounding it. Some of the most common'normal' person would have truly been afraid for
defenses for this charge are:his or her safety because of the threat that was
Vague or Ambiguous Statementmade. If that can't be established, it would be
If the accused individual made an ambiguousconsidered 'fear unreasonable.'
statement toward the alleged victim, or aIf you've been charged with a criminal threat
statement that was not made in a serious way, itcharge, it's important that you contact an
should not be considered a criminal act. This is alsoattorney right away. Even if it seems juvenile
true if the statement was vague and did notbecause you truly didn't threaten the alleged
actually threaten the alleged victim with death. Forvictim seriously, you could face serious
instance, if tempers flared at an office and theconsequences if your defense isn't properly
accused, in the heat of the moment, said, "Youformed. A capable attorney can convey your
better watch your back," it may not actually beinnocence to the court and quite possibly get the
considered a criminal threat. This kind of threatcharges dropped against you.
would also be considered 'not imminent.'