Efforts to Split California

Some historians say that if the Mayflower hadCalifornia.
landed on California's coast instead of the easternStill another proposal would divide California into a
seaboard, the state would have been divided intonumber of small states. This suggestion is
several small states, similar to the New Englanddeemed to be a tongue-in-cheek suggestion that
region.would Balkanize California into small states lacking
Consider that it takes longer to drive fromadequate resources and virtually no power
California's northern border to its southernnationally.
boundary than it does to travel on the oppositePerhaps the most radical suggestion, and also
coast from Maine through six New England statesdone facetiously, would make California a
to Washington, D.C.separate nation. This proposal was the brainchild
There have been at least 26 different proposalsof San Jose Mercury newsman Ted Bredt, who
to split California.noted that California's resources and financial
The issue to divide California first arose whenpotential were larger than those of many nations.
those in the southern part of the state wantedIn 1849, Jose Antonio Carrillo, a southern delegate
the Capital there, while those in the northern partto the Constitutional Convention, proposed a split
of the state likewise wanted it.of California at San Luis Obispo. The southern part
The location of the Capital, it was believed, wouldof the state would become a territory, while the
dictate the area that would receive the mostnorthern part would become a state.
political considerations.Other delegates at the Constitutional Convention
Disvisionists first wanted to divide California andproposed including what is now California, but also
locate the capitol either in Monterey, Los Angeles,Nevada, Utah, and Arizona in the new state. This
or in San Diego. Northerners felt they were beingproposal was rejected out of hand as it would
overtaxed to pay for Southern California'screate a state too large.
education, social programs, and justice system.In 1852, some Californians near the Oregon
Another divisive issue between the north and theborder expressed their strong dissatisfaction over
south was the matter of water. The south washigh taxes, poor mail service, and the lack of
dependent on the north for its water. Northernersmilitary protection against California Indian tribes.
felt the dams and facilities necessary to transportThey wanted to form the State of Shasta.
water to the south were causing unwantedThere were attempts by one northern California
geographic and climatic changes. Some felt evenarea to separate from California altogether. This
the earthquakes, such as one in Oroville in 1975,was in 1856, when Isaac Newton Roop, the
were a result of the construction of waterfounder of Susanville, and Peter Lassen, the
facilities.explorer for whom Lassen County was named,
Advocates of dividing the state voiced a commonsought to form an independent territory.
grievance: California was just too big, and,This territory would be made up by parts of both
therefore ungovernable.northern California and of Nevada, which they
In 1864, a state-splitting measure was placed onwould call Nataqua, a word meaning woman in the
the ballot, approved by voters, signed by thelocal Indian language.
Governor, and sent to Congress. Congress did notLater, in 1854, resolutions were drafted to form
approve it.the State of Klamath, which would include portions
No state in the U.S. has been split into two orof Northern California and of Southern Oregon.
more regions since 1862, when the western partAlso in 1854, San Bernardino Assemblyman
of the state of Virginia opposed Virginia'sJefferson Hunt introduced a bill for the creation of
secession from the Union in 1861, and Congressa new state of Columbia, covering the area from
recognized it as the state of West Virginia.Santa Cruz to the Mexican Border.
Most proposals to divide California would split theIt is unlikely that California will ever be divided.
state horizontally into two parts, either at theAny proposal aimed at splitting the state must
Tehachapi Mountains or at a northern point justgain the consent of the legislature, and then be
above or below Sacramento. There was at leastapproved by Congress as well.
one suggestion, however, that the state beStill, the state-splitting issue is likely to emerge
divided vertically into East and West California.many times in the future, as it is an easy way
Another suggestion proposed dividing Californiafor a politician to get space in the press.
into three states, North, South, and Central