Move-Away Issues in California Child Custody Proceedings

Having practiced Family Law in California for over(2003) 108 Cal App 4th 839).
34 years, one of the most volatile, and,6. Can, and should the Court, in conducting such
emotionally charged issues that one can confrontan evidentiary hearing, consider the minor child's
is child custody "move-away" disputes.children's "expressions of preference" regarding
Move-away disputes, simply stated, is where onethe proposed move-away, assuming the child
parent proposes to move, with the parties' minorchildren are of sufficient age and capacity to form
child or children, either out of the city, county,an intelligent preference as to custody (ie 10-13
state, or country of the original marital home.years of age and upwards)? The answer is also
The questions generally presented by the client"YES" (eg. see In re Marriage of Burgess, supra.).
are:B. RULES WHERE PARENTS HAVE SHARED
1. Can he or she move with the child/children?, orPHYSICAL CUSTODY:
2. Can I move and take the minor child/children1. If the parents have a shared (50/50) physical
with me?custody arrangement, either historically, or,
The answers to these questions are not simple. Ispursuant to an existing Court order, then the
the proposed "move-away" going to upset andproposed "move-away" issue gets complicated,
anger the other parent, and, often times, theand, often times, very ugly.
child's/children's extended family (ie. grandparents,2. Family Code, Section 7501 specifically provides
aunts and uncles)? Most assuredly. The followingthat: "(b) It is the intent of the Legislature to
are some of the applicable statutes and Courtaffirm the decision in In re Marriage of Burgess..."
decisions on this issue.3. The Supreme Court in Burgess, in addressing
A. RULES WHERE ONE PARENT IS THEmove-away issues in cases involving joint physical
"PRIMARY" CUSTODIAL PARENT:custody, states that the key issue for the trial
1. If there is an existing Court order awarding oneCourt to decide is what is in the best interests
parent primary physical custody of the minor childand welfare of the minor child/children. And, the
children ( ie more than 50% physical custody),trial Court must evaluate what is in the minor
then, Family Code, Section 7501, is going tochild's "best interests and welfare" on a case by
presumptively permit that parent to move, and,case basis.
take the minor child/children with him or her.4. Factors the trial Court is required to consider in
2. Family Code, Section 7501 provides: "A parentmove-away cases involving joint physical custody
entitled to the custody of a child has a right tocases are:a) The child's existing contacts with both
change residence of the child, subject to theparents;b) The child's age, community ties, health
power of the Court to restrain a removal thatand educational needs;c) The preferences of the
would prejudice the rights or welfare of the child..."child;d) The requirement that the minor child have
3. As the California Supreme Court stated in theregular, and ongoing contact with both parents.
case of: In re Marriage of Burgess (1996) 13 Cal5. Most California trial Courts, when confronted
4th 25, the primary custodial parent is entitled towith a "move-away" issue involving parents with
change residences, and, does not have to showjoint or shared custodial arrangements, opt to
or prove that the move is "necessary", UNLESS,refer the matter to a child custody move-away
the move is detrimental to the child.evaluator for an investigation, report, and
4. From the non-custodial parent's perspective,therecommendation. This is quite costly for both
key issue is whether he or she can demonstrateparents (generally $3,000.00 and upwards, each),
that the proposed move-away is detrimental toand, time consuming. It is often times also not
the best interests and welfare of the minor childdispositive, since the losing parent generally
children.objects to the move-away evaluator's
5. Is the non-custodial parent entitled to anrecommendations, and, requests that the matter
evidentiary hearing on this issue? The answer isbe set for a long cause evidentiary hearing,
clearly "Yes" (eg. see In re Marriage of Camposanyway.